Container Ships to Integrate Electric Motors as Supplementary Power

The maritime industry is exploring the integration of electric motors in container ships as a means to enhance energy efficiency and reduce fossil fuel consumption. While large vessels cannot operate solely on electric power, experts believe that electric motors can complement diesel engines under specific conditions. This innovative approach is being spearheaded by the Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) through its 'Harpooners' project, which aims to develop an advanced battery system for maritime applications.

Container shipping plays a significant role in global trade, moving goods with an impressive capacity. However, this sector contributes substantially to environmental pollution, accounting for approximately three percent of global greenhouse gas emissions and a staggering 700 million tons of CO2 released annually. The project's primary objective is to mitigate these impacts by increasing energy efficiency in shipping operations.

Dragan Simic, a researcher at the AIT, highlighted the technical challenges faced by ships when switching off diesel engines. The frequent start-stop cycles place considerable stress on the machinery, often leading captains to keep the engines running idle. By employing an electric motor for tasks like maneuvering in ports or powering onboard systems such as air conditioning, vessels could significantly cut down on diesel fuel consumption.

The research team at AIT is currently working on creating simulation models to identify the most effective battery technologies tailored for various ship types. The envisioned system aims to optimize the operation of diesel engines, ensuring they run at their most efficient speeds while utilizing electric motors to fill in performance gaps as needed.

Furthermore, the batteries developed under this initiative are designed to function beyond mere propulsion assistance. As battery capacity diminishes from extensive charge cycles, these systems can be repurposed as energy storage solutions for stationary applications aboard ships. Integrated electronic management systems will monitor battery health and optimize performance, enhancing the overall energy efficiency of maritime operations.

Simic expressed optimism about the market potential for such hybrid systems, although he acknowledged that this area remains largely untapped. Research initiatives like the 'Harpooners' project are expected to lay the groundwork for significant advancements in reducing emissions and improving energy efficiency in the shipping industry.