American Leafhopper Threatens Austrian Vineyards

In recent years, the presence of the American leafhopper has raised concerns among winemakers in Austria, particularly in Styria. While the current wine harvest remains unaffected, experts are closely monitoring the situation due to the potential risks associated with this pest.

The American leafhopper has been observed in the Styrian Vulkanland area since 2004. Although the insect itself does not damage grapevines directly, it can transmit a dangerous disease known as Grapevine Flavescence dorée (GFD). Once a vine is infected, the only solution is to remove and destroy it.

According to industry professionals, the population of the American leafhopper has been increasing, with sightings reported throughout Styria, as well as in Burgenland and Lower Austria. The director of the Styrian Winegrowers' Association has noted a notable change in the dynamics of this pest. Climate change is believed to be a contributing factor to its expanding range.

One of the key indicators of GFD infection is the curling of leaves on grapevines. The American leafhopper migrated to Austria from Southern Europe, with Croatia and Serbia being suspected as its primary points of entry. The disease was first identified in Styrian vineyards in 2009. So far, the spread has been relatively slow, but experts warn that it could accelerate.

Winemakers are not the only ones who need to be vigilant--hobby gardeners and owners of unmaintained vineyards are also encouraged to report any sightings of the leafhopper, as GFD is a notifiable disease. To help identify the pest, experts recommend hanging yellow sticky traps that can catch the insects. If symptoms of GFD are observed, individuals are advised to consult with agricultural specialists.

To date, nearly 300 hectares of vineyards in the Vulkanland region have been removed due to this pest, part of a larger total of around 1,800 hectares. While the situation is not as dire as the grape phylloxera crisis of the late 19th century, vigilance remains crucial as the potential for rapid spread exists.